Alhoewel katoen meestal verre van biologisch is, gebeurt de productie van vele textiel synthetisch, maar ook meestal chemisch.
Alias slecht voor de huid, het lichaam en ons milieu.
"Opgelet met Eco-viscose / Circulaire viscose: Dit zijn marketingtermen die merken gebruiken wanneer de viscose niet uit gekapte bomen komt, maar uit reststromen of gerecycled materiaal.
Het gebruik van een vloeibaar oplosmiddel om plantaardig afval (plantwaste) om te zetten in viscose brengt inderdaad een groot risico op toxiciteit (giftigheid) met zich mee.
Hoewel de grondstof (landbouwafval) 100% natuurlijk en groen is, bepaalt de keuze van het oplosmiddel en het productieproces of de uiteindelijke stof ecologisch is, dan wel chemisch zwaar vervuild.
Milieuvriendelijkere oplosmiddelen:
Er wordt vaak overgestapt op processen die vergelijkbaar zijn met Lyocell (! uit houtproductie) :
Hierbij gebruikt men organische oplosmiddel, vb. N-methylmorfoline-N-oxide (NMMO). Dit middel is niet-toxisch, mild en biologisch afbreekbaar.
Bij goedkope fast fashion (waar het wasproces soms gehaast verloopt) kunnen er echter heel minimale chemische restsporen achterblijven die huidirritatie veroorzaken. Wil je absolute zekerheid dat de kleding gifvrij geproduceerd is? Let dan op keurmerken zoals OEKO-TEX® Standard 100 of het EU Ecolabel op het kledingetiket.
Verschillende textielbedrijven hebben gepatenteerde viscose- of lyocell-vezels ontwikkeld die specifiek van landbouw- of plantafval worden gemaakt, met milieuvriendelijkere oplosmiddelen of het "Closed-loop" (gesloten) systeem:
• Lenzing™ Ecovero™ Refibra™(80%hout - closed loop):
De gecertificeerde, schone variant van viscose
• Tencel™ Lyocell Refibra™ (70%hout - organisch closed loop):
Het meest gifvrije organische proces
• Agraloop™ (0%hout - BioFibre) (mechanisch+natriumbicarbonaat):
Een bekende technologie die oogstresten van onder andere hennep, vlas, bananenbomen en suikerriet omzet in hoogwaardige textielvezels.
• Spinnova® (0%hout - mechanisch):
• Infinna™ (0%hout - organisch):
Finse textielinnovaties die cellulose halen uit diverse afvalstromen (waaronder stro, tarwestro en oud textiel) om er zonder schadelijke chemicaliën een viscose-achtige draad van te spinnen.
• Nullarbor-20™ (80% hout - natuurlijke fermentatie):
• Nullarbor-66™ (33% hout) - tegen 2030:
• Nullarbor-100™ - Nullarbor™ - nabije toekomst:
Een unieke "microbiële" viscose/rayon ontwikkeld door het bedrijf Nanollose. Zij maken textielvezels door vloeibaar organisch afval uit de kokosnootindustrie te laten fermenteren.
• Orange Fiber (0%hout>HauteCouture-70%hout via TencelTM Limited):
Een Italiaanse innovatie die de cellulose gebruikt uit de restanten van geperste sinaasappels (de schillen en pulp die overblijven na het maken van sap) om een zijdezachte viscose-stof te maken."
Een goede gezondheid gewenst 💝.
Jesse.
Wettelijke tekst : Deze informatie is van informatieve aard en geen vervanging voor "professioneel" medisch advies.
Geschreven deels met behulp van de AI Google zoekfunctie 2024 adhv mijn performante vraagstelling en editorswerk.
[1] [https://textileexchange.org](https://textileexchange.org/viscose/)
[2] [https://goodonyou.eco](https://goodonyou.eco/material-guide-viscose-sustainability/)
[3] [https://corefabricstore.com](https://corefabricstore.com/blogs/tips-and-resources/all-about-viscose)
[4] [https://www.youtube.com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lApru52L4MA)
[5] [https://facettes-studio.com](https://facettes-studio.com/en/blogs/journal/is-viscose-an-eco-responsible-material)
[6] [https://www.youtube.com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=45DdWUeyRBQ)
[7] [https://www.youtube.com](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=I3K8gjp72Hw)
[8] [https://circle-economy.com](https://circle-economy.com/knowledge-hub/article/8888)
[9] [https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se](https://www.lunduniversity.lu.se/article/completely-recycled-viscose-first-time)
[1] [https://en.wikipedia.org](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rayon)
[2] [https://bamboo-clothing.com](https://bamboo-clothing.com/blogs/news/what-is-rayon-the-term-explained)
[3] [https://www.arcusag.com](https://www.arcusag.com/what-is-viscose-fiber-made-of-from-pulp-to-fabric/)
[4] [https://www.boody.eu](https://www.boody.eu/blogs/guide/what-is-bamboo-viscose)
[5] [https://www.arcusag.com](https://www.arcusag.com/what-is-eco-viscose-and-is-it-better-for-brands/)
[6] [https://www.sustainyourstyle.org](https://www.sustainyourstyle.org/en/rayon-viscose-modal)
[7] [https://goodonyou.eco](https://goodonyou.eco/sustainable-alternatives-to-viscose/)
[8] [https://cosh.eco](https://cosh.eco/en/articles/innovative-viscose-fibers)
[9] [https://wikifarmer.com](https://wikifarmer.com/library/en/article/from-agricultural-waste-to-textiles-and-from-textiles-to-soil-amendments)
[1] [https://www.earthday.org](https://www.earthday.org/viscose-rayon-modal-lyocell-crupo-decoding-man-made-textiles/)
[2] [https://changingmarkets.org](https://changingmarkets.org/report/dirty-fashion/)
[3] [https://www.bhumi-organic.com](https://www.bhumi-organic.com/blogs/unearthed/viscose)
[4] [https://donegood.co](https://donegood.co/is-viscose-toxic-safety-facts-this-popular-fabric-material/)
[5] [https://fibercheck.app](https://fibercheck.app/blog/is-bamboo-fabric-safe/)
[6] [https://ecocult.com](https://ecocult.com/greenwashing-alert-that-natural-fabric-made-from-plants-might-be-toxic/)
[7] [https://www.theguardian.com](https://www.theguardian.com/sustainable-business/2017/jun/13/hm-zara-marks-spencer-linked-polluting-viscose-factories-asia-fashion)
[8] [https://www.sciencedirect.com](https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/B9780323952354000475)
[9] [https://uk.nakedpaper.com](https://uk.nakedpaper.com/blogs/news/bamboo-viscose-vs-bamboo-tissue-whats-the-environmental-difference)
[10] [https://www.commonobjective.co](https://www.commonobjective.co/article/viscose-and-its-impact)
[11] [https://www.ethicalconsumer.org](https://www.ethicalconsumer.org/fashion-clothing/campaign-clean-viscose)
[12] [https://twothirds.com](https://twothirds.com/blogs/journal/why-youll-never-catch-us-using-viscose-with-one-important-exception)
[13] [https://vibrantbodycompany.com](https://vibrantbodycompany.com/blogs/education/is-viscose-toxic-to-wear)
[1] [https://lucid-collective.eu](https://lucid-collective.eu/en/blogs/le-journal/le-tencel-lyocell)
[2] [https://newfocustex.com](https://newfocustex.com/explaining-lenzing-fibers-tencel-ecovero-and-refibra/)
[3] [https://transition-pathways.europa.eu](https://transition-pathways.europa.eu/textiles/best-practices/lenzing-key-player-sustainable-textile-innovation)
[4] [https://frankierosefabrics.com](https://frankierosefabrics.com/blogs/inspiration/about-ecovero-lenzing)
[5] [https://www.tencel.com](https://www.tencel.com/fibers)
[6] [https://louloulollipop.com](https://louloulollipop.com/blogs/resources/how-tencel-lyocell-is-made-the-closed-loop-process-behind-sustainable-baby-rompers)
[7] [https://www.hacoy.com](https://www.hacoy.com/blogs/knowledge-materials-care-ethics/lyocell-tencel-the-closed-loop-wood-fibre)
[8] [https://www.tencel.com](https://www.tencel.com/sustainability)
[9] [https://www.facebook.com](https://www.facebook.com/tencel.southeastasia/videos/innovation-in-a-looptencel-lyocell-fibers-are-made-from-wood-pulp-using-a-closed/1305826577627120/)
[10] [https://www.sourceful.com](https://www.sourceful.com/explore/materials/lenzing-ecovero)
[1] [https://nanollose.com](https://nanollose.com/media/author/nanollose/)
[2] [https://plasticfree.com](https://plasticfree.com/materials/nullarbor-fibre)
[3] [https://stockhead.com.au](https://stockhead.com.au/health/nanollose-reaches-another-milestone-as-its-forest-friendly-nullarbor-fibre-is-manufactured-into-denim/)
[4] [https://www.listcorp.com](https://www.listcorp.com/asx/nc6/nanollose-limited/news/successful-completion-of-fourth-pilot-production-3321050.html)
[5] [https://wwd.com](https://wwd.com/sourcing-journal/industry-news/nanollose-announces-new-plans-to-scale-up-viscose-1239177348/)
[6] [https://www.ecotextile.com](https://www.ecotextile.com/2026073164620/radar/australian-firm-nanollose-begins-onshoring/)
[7] [https://www.just-style.com](https://www.just-style.com/news/inditex-signs-deal-for-nanollose-tree-free-lyocell/)
[8] [https://company-announcements.afr.com](https://company-announcements.afr.com/asx/nc6/4e58c102-5a2c-11ed-b921-8246d915a806.pdf)
[1] [https://www.marc-o-polo.com](https://www.marc-o-polo.com/nl-be/heren/sustainability/orange-fiber)
[2] [https://circulareconomy.europa.eu](https://circulareconomy.europa.eu/platform/en/good-practices/orange-fiber-converts-orange-waste-versatile-biodegradable-fabric)
[3] [https://cfda.com](https://cfda.com/resources/materials-hub/innovation-index/orange-fiber/)
[4] [https://thefashionglobe.com](https://thefashionglobe.com/orange-fiber-citrus-waste-to-fashion/)
[5] [https://www.dareclan.com](https://www.dareclan.com/post/orange-fiber-making-textile-from-citrus-juice-by-products)
[6] https://orangefiber.it
[7] [https://reflowproject.eu](https://reflowproject.eu/best-practices/orange-fibre/)
[8] [https://circularmateriallibrary.org](https://circularmateriallibrary.org/material/orange-fiber/)
[9] [https://std.vnuhcmjournal.com.vn](https://std.vnuhcmjournal.com.vn/index.php/std/article/view/1730)
[1] [https://company.marc-o-polo.com](https://company.marc-o-polo.com/en/news/detail/marc-o-polo-becomes-the-first-brand-to-launch-orange-fibre-denim)
[2] [https://www.lenzing.com](https://www.lenzing.com/newsroom/news-events/lenzing-collaborates-with-orange-fiber-as-part-of-new-tenceltm-limited-edition-initiative/)
[3] [https://www.atw80fabrics.com](https://www.atw80fabrics.com/orangefiber)
